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Hello 和 welcome to the Law Department at 赖盖特-班斯学院.

我叫谢丽尔·休斯，是法学院的联席主任，也是A级法律课程的课程负责人. 我很期待在新学年开始的时候亲自欢迎你们来到我们友好的系，并开始我们有趣的A Level课程.

Law is a fascinating 和 useful subject, so I’m really glad you’ve chosen to study it at advanced level. 对你们中的很多人来说, it will be the first time you’ve studied Law, 所以我给你们安排了一些活动，让你们在接下来的几个月里可以在家里独立完成. Even if you have some prior knowledge, 这些任务将向您介绍高级水平所需的技能和标准. 我希望你喜欢这些活动，我期待在9月与你讨论这些活动.

The tasks will be released here, 分三个阶段完成(见下表)，应在2021年9月1日选择日之前完成.  Please throw yourself into them 和 above all enjoy them!

请注意, some Course Leaders (为 example 为 Music) may release their tasks earlier, as they may 为m part of the College’s audition process.  If this applies to you, you’ll be notified separately.

新的开始 Course Tasks 和 Activities

发布日期 由下列人士填写
探索你的主题6月1日7月1日
走了7月1日8月1日
高目标8月1日9月1日

探索你的主题

研究 Law will result in you developing a number of important 技能.  这些包括:

  • 研究 技能
  • 演讲 技能
  • 沟通 技能
  • 适当的 methods of written communication 为 different audiences
  • 分析 技能e.g. 考虑 为什么 something is important
  • 评价 技能e.g. 证明 和使用 证据 论证一个观点

在A Level和BTEC Level 3课程中，你将学习民法和刑法的概念.  理解这两者之间的区别以及法院系统如何处理它们是很重要的.

In this ‘探索你的主题’ activity, we will focus on 民法.

What’s the difference between 民事 和 刑法?

刑法

刑事 Law deals with the behaviour of individuals, that’s conside红色的 to be 对 the Law of the state. Examples could include assault, theft, robbery, criminal 损伤和谋杀. People accused of committing criminal acts can be punished through going to prison, doing community service or receiving a fine.

民法

民事 Law deals with disputes between individual people. Examples of this could 包括离婚、人身伤害诉讼、商业索赔、土地纠纷 or property 和 breaches of contract.

所有的 these issues are not 对 the law, they are 情况下 between people in which 一方会声称他们受伤了，或者遭受了某种形式的损失，或者 are entitled to compensation.

Nobody will be punished or sent to prison in civil 情况下; instead one party will be orde红色的 to give money to the other party as compensation 为 loss or injury.

Introduction to 民法 Activity

之一 the topics you will study on both the A Level 和 BTEC Level 3 courses is 疏忽.

这 意思是由于他人的疏忽或疏忽而受伤. 例如，假设你在超市里买了一盒存货 had been left in the middle of the aisle. You do not see it, 和 trip 和 break 你的腿. You could then sue the supermarket 为 negligence; they did not mean 想要伤害你，但他们太粗心了，没有确保车间是 safe, 和 now you can try 和 obtain money to compensate 为 your injury

活动1:

对于这个 activity, you will need to use your imagination!

去 your kitchen at home, 和 imagine this is an actual workplace e.g. 你是一个 chef, 和 this is your work environment. 你能 spot any hazards that could possibly cause an injury?

照片 anything you find, using your phone, 和 put the image into a PowerPoint or save it into a Word document. See if you can find at least 5 examples 和 include a brief explanation as to 为什么 it would be a hazard. 一个例子是 以下.

另外, if you do not have a phone or are unable to do the activity at home, use google to find an image of a professional kitchen, 和 look carefully to see how they ensure that nobody is inju红色的.

例子:

活动2:

想象一下 you are going to open your own business; you can choose whatever you want. 在这里 are some suggestions:

  • 咖啡馆
  • 健身房
  • 理发师
  • Dog grooming parlour
  • Children’s play centre

你能 想想你需要做的10件事来确保你的员工和客户 do not get inju红色的 和 could then possibly sue you 为 money?

这是 an example:  Name of Business – Funky 时尚s Clothes Boutique

可能的 危害

  • 顾客可能会把衣服撞到地板上，衣服可能会滑倒或绊倒

解决方案

  • 是否有员工轮值表，以确保总有人在车间整理掉的衣服.
  • 不要把衣服摆放得太满，因为被压扁的衣服最后可能会溅到地板上

现在 create your own two-column table 和 list up to 10 ‘possible hazards’ in the left column 和 10 or more ‘solutions’ in the right column.

把它进一步

  • 使用 the internet, research the 情况下 of Leah Washington who was inju红色的 at Alton Towers on the Smiler ride
  • 可以 找出问题出在哪里，以及为什么奥尔顿塔要为此负责?
  • 可以 you find anything out about the compensation she received 和 how it was 计算?

走了

对你最初的 与法律相关的任务和活动，你被介绍到民法领域 和 the concept of 疏忽.

你的“开始” tasks 和 activities are now going to switch the focus to 刑法.

For serious criminal offences, a defendant will be sent to prison. But does prison actually work?

1. 在你们的第一个活动中，我想让你们看看这个关于监狱是否有效的话题 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v = _HoVnWlbnp8&相关特性=

Please then create a table similar to the one below, ideally as a Word document, 但是使用笔和纸是可以的(只要你把它们放在安全的地方，并记得在学期开始时随身携带). 

Please then write down the arguments 为 和 对 把人送进监狱——每篇专栏文章大概有5到6个答案.  当需要时，请将你的答案扩展到每一个论点的几行.  We would like you to give detailed 和 thorough answers.

2. Sentencing criminals can be a difficult process. Do you think you would make a good judge?

看看这个 You Be The Judge activity. 仔细研究不同的案件，决定你会给不同的被告什么样的判决.

请记录 factors affect your decisions.  请写 down your conclusions in a 为m you can look back on at the beginning of the 秋季学期.

高目标

法律范围

On the A Level Law course, you’ll be introduced to many different areas, including:

•    The nature of law 和 the English legal 系统

•刑法

•侵权法

•人权

•法律概念

Each of the above topics will be broken down into smaller specific areas of law, 为 example in criminal law, you’ll cover:

•    Elements of a crime

•    Non-fatal offences

•杀人

•防御

•    Property offences

•尝试

Euthanasia: right to life v right to die?

The areas of criminal law 和 human rights overlap in the concept of 安乐死. In UK law, it is illegal to help someone to die through 安乐死. It is even illegal to assist someone to make arrangements to die, 为 example by helping them travel to the Dignitas clinic in Switzerl和.

However, whilst it remains a crime in British law to assist a death, there are many arguments that it should not be 和 challenges to the current law have been made in the 为m of trying to pass an ‘assisted dying 比尔的. In human rights there are arguments about the ability to decide when to die 和 when life officially ends. It has been confirmed by the European Court 一个医生就可以停止进食和换气 a doctor cannot actively help a person to end their own lives.

In Law you will always be expected to analyse arguments; 这将涉及到权衡某一特定事物的优点和缺点 主题，或可能分析被告是否基于 the 证据 given to you in a scenario.

In the UK, there have been over 115 instances of people assisting suicide; however there have only been prosecutions in two of these 情况下.

The scenario below asks you to analyse whether Daniel’s parents should or should not be prosecuted.

任务1: 读了 following facts from the 情况下 of Daniel James:

As a result of injury during rugby training, 23-year-old Daniel James lost the use of his body from the chest down. He ended his life at 安乐死在 2008年9月. His parents had assisted him to send documentation to Dignitas, made payments to Dignitas from their joint bank account, made travel arrangements to take him to Switzerl和 和 accompanied 他在飞机上. (Dignitas is the Swiss clinic where people can go to have help committing suicide.)

任务2: 你是 currently working as a barrister 为 the prosecution team in the Daniel James 情况下. 写一个t least one paragraph on whether you think his parents should be prosecuted 为 assisting 他的自杀和原因.   

You might like to consider:

  • 丹尼尔的年龄
  • whether he reached the decision alone
  • whether he clearly communicated his decision
  • whether Daniel sought the help from his parents
  • whether his parents were motivated by compassion 或者其他动机
  • whether Daniel was able to physically undertake 自己的行为
  • whether, on the facts given, his parents had done anything like this be为e?

任务3: 你有 now switched sides 和 are working as a barrister 为 the defence team. 写一个 paragraph on 为什么 you think his parents should not be prosecuted 为 assisting 他的自杀和原因.

You might like to consider:

  • whether it was Daniel’s decision
  • his parent’s motivation 为 helping
  • whether his parents used only minor assistance
  • whether his parents would have been reluctant
  • whether his parents assisted the police in their 询盘

任务4: 有 many organisations who either support or oppose the concept of 安乐死. 研究以下网站，或选择三个组织 你自己的，分析他们的观点，他们是否认为法律应该 改变或不. You might also consider researching 情况下 that have gone to court 和 have asked the judges to consider the concept of a right to die 和 他们的结果. 

任务5: 最后, 在“支持安乐死的观点”和“反对安乐死的观点”下面做一个表格 arguments’ 和 list as many reasons as you can think of 为 和 对 the legalisation of 安乐死.

谢丽尔·休斯
联合法律主任
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